Japan scores 46 on the Individualism dimension. In Collectivist societies people belong to in groups that take care of them in exchange for loyalty. In Individualist societies people are supposed to look after themselves and their direct family only. INDIVIDUALISM The fundamental issue addressed by this dimension isthe degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members.It has to do with whether peoples self-image is defined in terms of I or We. There is a strong notion in the Japanese education system that everybody is born equal and anyone can get ahead and become anything if he (yes, it is still he) works hard enough. Another example of not so high Power Distance is that Japan has always been a meritocratic society. Paradoxically, the exact example of their slow decision making process shows that in Japanese society there is no one top guy who can take decision like in more hierarchical societies. Some foreigners experience Japan as extremely hierarchical because of their business experience of painstakingly slow decision making process all the decisions must be confirmed by each hierarchical layer and finally by the top management in Tokyo. However, it is not as hierarchical as most of the other Asian cultures. Yes, Japanese are always conscious of their hierarchical position in any social setting and act accordingly. It doesnt concern on factors inside the individual, such as motivation, mental toughness, painstaking, competence, maturity, etc HYPERLINK https//WHAT ABOUT JAPAN At an intermediate score of 54, Japan is a borderline hierarchical society. Hofstedes dimension of national culture gives more attention on relationship on society or relationship between parties. Based on the four dimension, the foreigner who has been offered to the job in Indonesia has to adapt to the condition such as obey to the boss, ready to be monitored and controlled in strict rules, ready to deal with environmental condition that compete for material success and concern on the interest of the group. It relates with loyalty, which everyone has responsibility to develop strong relationship to fellow members in the group. Most of it is made jointly to the group, which needs high emotional dependence to each other. Low score in individualism show the attitude of self-interest and family as a common interest in a group. They tend to achieve material success, which is different with femininity that gives more attention on quality of life than material success. It occurs not only in the upper class, but also in the middle to lower class. In working place they tend to show the ownership of their possession, such as new car, embellishment, new mobile phone etc. It reflects on the characteristics to give priority of value on assertive, acquisition of money, goods and competition. Regarding on masculinity dimension, working environment in Indonesia tend to lead to masculinity rather than femininity. It makes the monitoring system on employee is more complex and rigorous. Thats why there are many rules and regulation in Indonesia to control attitude and behavior of society, particularly for employee in working place. The law, rules and regulation is used to assist in defending themselves from uncertainty of the others behavior. The strictly law, rules and regulations is created because of the society is low tolerance on uncertainty and not ready for rapid change in their surrounding environment. The obedience from employee to the boss can be caused of law, rules and regulations created by the boss or the leader. Dependency on the boss is relatively high.
Therefore, all of decisions depend on the boss. Sometimes, employee can refuse the instruction, but it is rarely occurred.
We Will Write a Custom Essay Specifically They must follow the instruction or order from the boss without any refutations, although sometimes the instruction is not appropriate with employees mind. It is expected that employee should obey to the boss. Regarding on highest index in power distance, it need high loyalty and obedience to the boss as a leader. Hofstedes dimension of national culture in Indonesia can be guidance to adapt in the working environment. The lowest index is individualism, which means that Indonesian tends to be collectivism.
If compared to Asian average of Hofstedes dimension, it is slightly differences. The masculinity dimension in Indonesia is fairly high. The combination of highest index in power distance and uncertainty avoidance give indication that leader have strong power and authority to control their employee based on law, rules and regulation developed by leaders power. Based on Hofstede index, the highest dimension in Indonesia is power distance, the second is uncertainty avoidance, the third is masculinity and the lowest is individualism.
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